Investigating revenues generated from movies

Table of Contents

Introduction

This data set contains information about 10,000 movies collected from the Movie Database (TMDb), including user ratings and revenue.

Questions

Data Wrangling

Loading the dataset

95% of the movies have a popularity score less than 2.05 and the distribution of Popularity score is skewed to the right. The budget has 52.4% values of Zeros. But budget allocated cannot be zero. Hence, we will consider zeros for budget as missing values. These zeros skewed the Budget to the right. We also Budget less than a 100. 55.4% of Revenue, the variable of interest are zeros. But revenue generated cannot be zero. Hence, we will consider zeros for revenue as missing values.The seros skewed the budget to the right. zeros (31, 0.3%) for runtime are also considered as missing values, since runtime cannot be zero. 95% of movies (1960 - 2015) have a run time less than 139 minutes. The runtime is skewed to the right due to outliers on the higher end of the runtime. 75% of the movies have a vote count below 146

Dropping duplicated rows

Movies can have the same title hence only the title cannot tell if its a duplicate entry

Movies can have the same cast hence only the cast cannot tell if its a duplicate entry

Checking for nulls

The number of nulls for imdb_id is the same as the number of duplicated imdb_id. Which implies, the "duplicated" imdb_id werre actually null values.

Assumed a minimum of 1000 is budgeted for a movies and a minimum of 1000 is generated by a movie

DROPPING COLUMNS THAT ARE NOT NEEDED

They include overview, tagline, homepage, Budget and revenue since the adjusted budget and revenue will be used

MANIPULATING THE GENRES, CAST, KEYWORDS, AND PRODUCTION COMPANIES COLUMNS

The genres, cast, keywords and production companies of a movie are separeted by "|".

Exploratory Data Analysis

Creating a function that groups the movies into three categories. Movies that generated revenue less than or equal to the 33 percentile of the revenue are "Low" revenue generating movies, those that generated revenue greater than the 33 percentile but less than or equal to the 67th percentile are "Medium" revenue generating movies, Movies with revenue greater than the 67th percentile of the revenue are grouped as "High" revenue generating movies

The revenue is skewed to the right and not normally distributed. It has outliers at the heavier of its distribution. 75% of the revenue are less than 165000000.

The vote average is skewed to the left, 75% of the movies have a an average rating aboue 5.7, Lower values of average vote are identified as outliers. The Low and medium revenue generating movies have lower values of vote average

The vote count is skewed to the right, 75% of the movies have a vote counts below 583, Higer values of vote counts are identified as outliers. The Low and medium revenue generating movies have lower values of vote average and less variability in thier vote counts. 75% of low revenue generating movies have vote count less than 154, while 75% of Medium revenue generating movies have vote count less than 415. 60% of the High revenue generating movies have vote count greater than 505

The popularity is skewed to the right, 75% of the movies have a popularity below 1.39, Higer values of popularity are identified as outliers. The Low and medium revenue generating movies have lower values of popularity and less variability in thier popularity. 95% of low revenue generating movies have popularity less than 1.31, while 75% of Medium revenue generating movies have popularity less than 1.18. 50% of the High revenue generating movies have popularity greater than 1.49. There are three outsanding outliers

The runtime is skewed to the right, 75% of the movies have a runtime below 120, Higer values of runtime are identified as outliers, with one outstanding outlier with runtime below 50. The Low and medium revenue generating movies have lower values of runtime and less variability in thier runtime. 75% of low revenue generating movies have runtime less than 111, while 75% of Medium revenue generating movies have runtime less than 118. 40% of the High revenue generating movies have runtime greater than 118. There are three outsanding outliers

The function above extracts the genre, production company or the casts of a movie, aggrates the movies based on the revenue, budget, popularity, vote count, or vote average of a genres, production company or cast, for a particular year or returns the total or average for all the years

Defining a function that accumulates or aggregates data from 1960-2015

Defining a function that plots a line plot from 1960-2015 of each genres with respect a value

How has revenue changed over the years

Revenue generated by movies have been increasing over years and peaked in 2015

The most popular movie since 1960 is Jurassic World
The most popular movie in the 20th century is Star Wars
The most popular movie since 21st century is Jurassic World

The genres of both movies include Adventure, Action, Science Fiction

What is the most voted movies since 1960, in the 21st century and before the 21st century

The most voted movie since 1960 is Inception
The most voted in the 20th century is The Matrix
The most voted since 21st century is Inception

Which movie generated the most revenue since 1960, in the 21st century and before the 21st century

The most revenue generating movie since 1960 is Avatar
The most revenue generating in the 20th century is Star Wars
The most revenue generating since 21st century is Avatar

Which movie had the highest budget allocation since 1960, in the 21st century and before the 21st century

The most budget allocation movie since 1960 is The Warrior's Way
The most budget allocation in the 20th century is Titanic
The most budget allocation since 21st century is The Warrior's Way

What is the highest rated (vote_average) movies since 1960, in the 21st century and before the 21st century

The most rated movie since 1960 is The Shawshank Redemption
The most rated in the 20th century is The Shawshank Redemption
The most rated since 21st century is Whiplash

All time (1960-2015)

Taking all the movies(1060-2015) into account, No they are not. Neither of most voted, most popular, most budgeted or most rated movies is The highest revenue generating movie. with the exception of most rated movie, the other have movies have Action and adventure commomg amomg vall of them. Other most commom genres for these movies include Science Fiction and Thriller.
The movies include

The most revenue generating movie since 1960 is Avatar
The most voted movie since 1960 is Inception
The most popular movie since 1960 is Jurassic World
The most budget allocation movie since 1960 is The Warrior's Way
The most rated movie since 1960 is The Shawshank Redemption

20th Century (1960-2000)

For movies released in the 20th century, The most popular movie generated the highest revenue. Action, Science fiction, Drama and Thriller are the most common genres for these movies.

The most revenue generating in the 20th century is Star Wars
The most voted in the 20th century is The Matrix
The most popular movie in the 20th century is Star Wars
The most budget allocation in the 20th century is Titanic
The most rated in the 20th century is The Shawshank Redemption

21st Century (2001- 2015)

For movies released since the start of the 21st century, Neither of most voted, most popular, most budgeted or most rated movies is The highest revenue generating movie. with the exception of most rated movie, the other have movies have Action and adventure commomg amomg all of them. Other most commom genres for these movies include Science Fiction, Fantasy and Thriller.

The most revenue generating since 21st century is Avatar
The most voted since 21st century is Inception
The most popular movie since 21st century is Jurassic World
The most budget allocation since 21st century is The Warrior's Way
The most rated since 21st century is Whiplash

The most rated genres for both peroids (20th and 21st century is DRAMA!)

Which genres have gained more populariy over the years

While other genres have an increasing poularity, History, war, music and foreign have consistently being the most unpopular genres. From the late 90s the other genres have been gaining more popularity among viewers, Genres like,

 drama
 action
 Comedy
 Thriller
 Adventure
 Science fiction 

have become the most popular genres since the start of the 21st century. Since 2010, Thriller, drama, action, thriller, and science fiction experenced increased in popularity exponentially

Which genres have the highest revenue

The Genres with the highest cummulative revenue are

Which genres are most likely to generate high revenues

Renenue genereated by genres like action, adventure, comedy, drama and family are have had an upward trend, unlike genres like Western, Foreign, history and war that generated rerlatively constant revenue over the years, with no sign of improvemet. fantasy and Science fiction generated less revenues from the 1960s to the early 1990s (though fantasy had a sharp increase in the late 1970s, the declined back), it experienced a surge from the early 1990s and has had their ups and downs since then. why is it to? Since the beginning of the 21st century, action, adventure, fantasy, science fiction, comdey and thriller have generaed an increasing revenue. Could this be as a result of technological advancement? does it have to do with their sharp increase in popularity? or is it because more budget has been allocated to these genres?

How much has been budgeted for each genres over the years

Is there a relationship between popularity and revenue

Poularity has a positve relationship as indicated by it correlation of 0.55 with revenue. It indictates that the more popular a movie is the higher its chances of generating of higher revenue. But NOTE, Correlation is not causation

Is there a relationship between Budget and revenue

Budget has a strong positive relationship as indicated by it correlation of 0.57 with revenue. It indictates that the higher the budget of a movie is the higher its chances of generating of higher revenue. But NOTE, Correlation is not causation

Is there a relationship between Average Rating and revenue

Average Ratings has a weak positive relationship as indicated by it correlation of 0.27 with revenue.

What other factors are likely to affect revenue

These factors are more likely to affect the revenue generated by a movies (in descending order)

How much revenue was generated by each Production Company

How much was budgeted by different Production companies for Movies

What are the most voted companies

Production companies that had high budget for movies, were most popular and most voted genereated the most revenues

Conclusions

The revenue Generated by movies have increased over the years, peaking in 2015. Movies productio has eveolved as technology advances, Productions companies have come, thrived and became inexistent, others have evolved with the trend. The goal of a business is to maximize revenue and the aim of production companies is to produve high revenue generating movies. What would make a movie likely to generate high revenue?. Movies produced by popular companies such as Warner Bros., Universal Pictures, Paramount Pictures, Twentieth Century Fox Film Corporation, Columbia Pictures, Walt Disney Pictures, New Line Cinema, Legendary Pictures, Village Roadshow Pictures, Relativity Media, etc, with high budgets and genres such as Actions, adventures, Scientific Fiction, Thriller, Drama and Comedy, with average rating above 5.5, runtime of atleast 110 are very likely to become high revenue generating movies.

What would make a movie likely to generate high revenue?

LIMITATIONS

Variables like Revenue, Budget and run time had no units. There was no way to valiadte the revenue and the analysis was done on the assumption that the revenue and budget of all the movies are of the same currency. It was also assumed that the minum rvenue generated by a moie is 1000,